Arachnologische Mitteilungen 54

56 J. Lissner rosetae and two ventral macrosetae one of which is strong and light brown, second is thinner and black. Femur III and IV also with an additional prolateral macroseta in distal position and two ventral-prolateral macrosetae , also in distal positions. Patella I and II without macrosetae, III and IV each with a dorsal macroseta in distal position. Tibia I and II with five pairs of ventral macrosetae, Mt I and II with three pairs. Leg measurements (coxa, femur, patella, tibia, metatarsus, tarsus): Leg I: 3.6 (0.32 + 0.92 + 0.49 + 0.73 + 0.62 + 0.48), Leg II: 3.4 (0.30 + 0.84 + 0.47 + 0.74 + 0.62 + 0.51), Leg III: 3.5 (0.39 + 0.83 + 0.41 + 0.66 + 0.68 + 0.54), Leg IV: 4.9 (0.29 + 1.10 + 0.52 + 0.99 + 0.99 + 0.97). Leg formula 4132, legs I-III subequal in length. Epigyne/vulva. Epigyne without a septum, essentially an endogyne (Figs 10-11). The only external sclerotizations are the rather weakly sclerotized linings of the small copulatory openings which are circular- semicircular, and set apart an­ teriorly (cleaned epigyne of Fig. 10, in Fig. 11a the anterior part of the epigyne is obscured by exudates and the copu­ latory openings are not discernible). Remaining parts of the genitalia are below the integument. Thus the epigynal lobe found in most Apostenus species is absent. The median area is covered only by transparent cuticle not different from the cuticle outside the epigynal area, thus there is no epigynal plate (Fig. 11a, b, grey areas of detached epigyne/vulva in fig. 11c, d are artefacts caused by folded cuticle and loose hairs). The two halves of the vulva form a ‘V’ and are only bridged posteriorly by a thin bar which is interpreted not to be a part of the vulva. As a result of this weak structure, the two halves of the vulva broke apart during digestion in KOH and hand­ ling. As is typical for Apostenus the copulatory openings were clogged by hard secretions concealing much of the structures (Figs. 11a, b) however, these plugs became detached during digestion so that the details of the anterior parts became vi­ sible (Figs. 11c, d). Ecology. The specimen was found under a stone on limestone grassland with bush encroachment interpreted as abandoned pasture. Comments. The species is assigned to Apostenus Westring, 1851 due to the recurved PER and leg spination with tibiae I and II having five pairs of ventral macrosetae and metatarsi I and II having three pairs.There are 12 extant, primarily Pa­ laearctic, Apostenus species described according to the World Spider Catalog (2017), three of which are known from main­ land Europe (Nentwig et al. 2017), four from the Canary Is­ lands, and two from northern Africa (Bosmans 1999). The four Canarian Apostenus species ( A. gomerensis Wunderlich, 1992, A. grancanariensis Wunderlich, 1992, A. annulipedes Wunderlich, 1987 and A. palmensis Wunderlich, 1992) and the European mainland species ( A. fuscus and A. ochraceus Hadjissarantos, 1940) all possess a more or less distinct sc­ lerotized median epigynal lobe. Two further Nearctic species, A. ducati Bennett, Copley & Copley, 2013 and A. californi- cus Ubick & Vetter, 2005 likewise differ from A. crespoi sp. n. by possessing a distinct median epigynal lobe (Bennett et al. 2013, Ubick & Vetter 2005). The twelfth species of the genus, A. annulipes Caporiacco, 1935, is known from Kara­ korum, Central Mongolia and possesses an epigyne with a parallel-sided median septum according to the sketch in Ca­ poriacco (1935), absent in the species described here. Thus the epigyne of A. crespoi n. sp. is rather unusual for Aposte- nus by lacking both a septum and a sclerotized epigynal lobe. The epigyne and vulva were examined carefully under both a stereomicroscope and compound microscope at various mag­ nifications and light intensities but no slits or depressions in the integument or sclerotizations of a median plate/lobe were observable. Canariphantes zonatus (Simon, 1884) (Linyphiidae) (Fig. 14) Lepthyphantes zonatus Simon 1884: 322, f. 91 Records from Portugal are listed at the Iberian Spider Cata­ logue (Morano et al. 2014). Fig. 11: Apostenus crespoi Liss- ner spec. nov. a. , c. epigyne in ventral view; b. , d. vulva in dorsal view. a. , b . with copula- tory openings clogged by exu- dates obscuring anterior parts; c. one half-side of cleaned epigyne; d . one half-side of cleaned vulva. Scale bar 0.1 mm Fig. 12: Euophrys nigripalpis Simon, 1937, male Fig. 13: Euophrys nigri- palpis Simon, 1937. a. male palp in retrolateral view; b. same in ventral view . Scale bar 0.2 mm