Arachnologische Mitteilungen 55

Male dimorphism in Linyphiidae 55 which is therefore designated as the lectotype. The two ac- companying females belong to Dicymbium nigrum (Blackwall, 1834), and Simon’s figure 674 (Simon 1884) obviously shows the epigyne of this species. The only material of Prosoponcus rectilobus available in the MNHNP is the male holotype. Comments on the synonymy We first became interested in the Diplocephalus cristatus com- plex, while studying specimens collected by Antony Russell- Smith from Lefkada, Greece (Fig 2). A number of males and females were collected from near a spring and they are illus- trated in Fig. 2. Having tried to identify these specimens, we found out that their palps and epigynes were completely simi- lar to those of the common European species D. cristatus , but the males had very different cephalic lobes. Further research showed a clear match with D. foraminifer and D. arvernus , as illustrated by Deltshev (1985), Denis (1948) and Georgescu (1969) – compare above the section “A forgotten case of di- morphism”. Figs 1b-c, e-f, h-i, k-l and n, o show the male palps and palpal tibiae of respectively D. cristatus , D. rectilobus , D. fora­ minifer , D. bicephalus and D. arvernus . Detailed examinations of all palpal sclerites and palpal tibiae revealed no differen- ces. Simon (1926: p. 495) already wrote about D. rectilobus in a footnote: “Peut-être une forme ou variété de D. cristatus ”. Thus, in our opinion, the males of D. cristatus occur in two morphs: viz., Figs 1a, d show the morph cristatus with a low cephalic lobe, and Figs 1g, j, m and 2a show the morph fora­ minifer with a high cephalic lobe. Distribution and habitat Specimens of Diplocephalus morph cristatus occur all over Europe (Nentwig et al. 2017). On the contrary, the morph foraminifer has a much smaller distribution: northern Spain, southern France, Switzerland and northern Italy in the wes- tern part of Europe, and Bosnia and Hercegovina, Macedo- nia,Montenegro, Bulgaria, Serbia and Romania in the eastern part (Nentwig et al. 2017). The morph cristatus occurs in a variety of habitats: “in grass, straw, moss, etc.” (Locket & Millidge 1953), “auf offe- nen Flächen, an Waldrändern, in Gärten” (Heimer & Nent- wig 1991).The morph foraminifer occurs in a much narrower range of specialized habitats. These spiders are frequently found under stones at high altitudes in the Cantabrian Range, the Pyrénées, the Massif Central and the Alps (Simon 1884, 1926, Bosmans & de Keer 1985, Denis 1953, 1955,Hänggi & Stäubli 2012, Müller 1985). At lower altitudes, these spiders occur in more restricted habitats such as caves, near springs and rivulets and in screes and cracks (Denis 1934, Georgescu 1969, Deltshev 1985), rarely in deciduous woodlands (Grbic & Savic 2010). Fig. 5: Savignia harmsi Wunderlich, 1980. a. Morph typica , dorsal view of prosoma; b. Morph typica , lateral view of prosoma; c. Morph cor , dorsal view of prosoma; d. Morph cor , lateral view of prosoma; e. Male palp, retrolateral view; f. Male palpal tibia, dorsal view; g. Embolic division, prolateral view. Fig. 4: Savignia harmsi Wunderlich, 1980. a. Morph typica , lateral view of prosoma; b. Morph cor , lateral view of prosoma; c. Morph typica , dorsal view of prosoma; d. Morph cor , anterior view of prosoma.