ARACHNOLOGISCHE GESELLSCHAFT

Phantom spiders 2: More notes on dubious spider species from Europe

Phantom spiders 2: More notes on dubious spider species from Europe

Phantomspinnen 2: Weitere Bemerkungen zu zweifelhaften Spinnenarten aus Europa

Abstract

A surprisingly large number of European spider species have never been reliably rediscovered since their first description many decades ago. Most of these are probably synonymous with other species or unidentifiable, due to insufficient descriptions or missing type material. In this second part of a series on this topic, we discuss about 100 of these cases, focusing mainly on species described in the early 20th century by Pelegrín Franganillo Balboa and Gabor von Kolosváry, as well as a number of jumping spiders and various miscellaneous species. In most cases, the species turned out to be unidentifiable nomina dubia, but for some of them new synonymies could be established as follows: Alopecosa accentuata auct., nec (Latreille, 1817) = Alopecosa farinosa (Herman, 1879) syn. nov., comb. nov.; Alopecosa barbipes oreophila Simon, 1937 = Alopecosa farinosa (Herman, 1879) syn. nov., comb. nov.; Alopecosa mariae orientalis (Kolosváry, 1934) = Alopecosa mariae (Dahl, 1908) syn. nov.; Araneus angulatus afolius (Franganillo, 1909) and Araneus angulatus atricolor Simon, 1929 = Araneus angulatus Clerck, 1757 syn. nov.; Araneus angulatus castaneus (Franganillo, 1909) = Araneus pallidus (Olivier, 1789) syn. nov.; Araneus angulatus levifolius (Franganillo, 1909), Araneus angulatus niger (Franganillo, 1918) and Araneus angulatus nitidifolius (Franganillo, 1909) = Araneus angulatus Clerck 1757 syn. nov.; Araneus angulatus pallidus (Franganillo, 1909), Araneus angulatus crucinceptus (Franganillo, 1909), Araneus angulatus fuscus (Franganillo, 1909) and Araneus angulatus iberoi (Franganillo, 1909) = Araneus pallidus (Olivier, 1789) syn. nov.; Araneus circe strandi (Kolosváry, 1935) = Araneus circe (Audouin, 1826) syn. nov.; Araneus diadematus nemorosus Simon, 1929 and Araneus diadematus soror (Simon, 1874) = Araneus diadematus Clerck, 1757 syn. nov.; Araneus pyrenaeus (Simon, 1874) = Araneus pallidus (Olivier, 1789) syn. nov.; Araneus sericinus (Roewer, 1942) = Aculepeira armida (Audouin, 1826) syn. nov.; Arctosa brevialva (Franganillo, 1913) = Arctosa villica (Lucas, 1846) syn. nov.; Arctosa cinerea (Franganillo, 1913) [nec Arctosa cinerea (Fabricius, 1777)] = Arctosa perita (Latreille, 1799) syn. nov.; Cresmatoneta eleonorae (Costa, 1883) and Cresmatoneta mutinensis orientalis (Strand, 1914) = Cresmatoneta mutinensis (Canestrini, 1868) syn. nov.; Cyclosa conica albifoliata Strand, 1907, Cyclosa conica defoliata Strand, 1907, Cyclosa conica leucomelas Strand, 1907, Cyclosa conica pyrenaica Strand, 1907, Cyclosa conica dimidiata Simon, 1929, Cyclosa conica rubricauda Simon, 1929 and Cyclosa conica triangulifera Simon, 1929 = Cyclosa conica (Pallas, 1772) syn. nov.; Dendryphantes lanipes C.L. Koch, 1846 = Philaeus chrysops (Poda, 1761) syn. nov.; Diplocephalus alpinus strandi Kolosváry, 1937 = Diplocephalus alpinus (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1872) syn. nov.; Entelecara strandi Kolosváry, 1934 = Nusoncus nasutus (Schenkel, 1925) syn. nov.; Euophrys rosenhaueri L. Koch, 1856 = Menemerus semilimbatus (Hahn, 1829) syn. nov.; Evarcha falcata nigrofusca (Strand, 1900) = Evarcha falcata (Clerck, 1757) syn. nov.; Gibbaranea bituberculata strandiana (Kolosváry, 1936) = Gibbaranea bituberculata (Walckenaer, 1802) syn. nov.; Heliophanus auratus mediocinctus Kulczyński, 1898 = H. mediocinctus Kulczyński, 1898 stat. nov.; Larinioides sclopetarius jacobea (Franganillo, 1910) = Larinioides sclopetarius (Clerck 1757) syn. conf.; Linyphia triangularis juniperina Kolosváry, 1933 = Linyphia triangularis (Clerck, 1757) syn. nov.; Myrmarachne formicaria tyrolensis (C. L. Koch, 1846) = Myrmarachne formicaria (De Geer, 1778) syn. conf.; Nuctenea umbratica obscura (Franganillo, 1909) = Nuctenea umbratica (Clerck, 1757) syn. nov.; Ozyptila strandi Kolosváry, 1939 = Ozyptila confluens (C. L. Koch, 1845) syn. nov.; Panamomops strandi Kolosváry, 1934 = Saloca diceros (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1871) syn. nov.; Pardosa luctinosa marina (Kolosváry, 1940) and Pardosa luctinosa etsinensis Schenkel, 1963 = Pardosa luctinosa Simon, 1876 syn. nov.; Pardosa wagleri atra (Giebel, 1869) nomen oblitum = Pardosa saturatior Simon, 1937 syn. nov.; Poecilochroa hungarica Kolosváry, 1934 = Aphantaulax trifasciata (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1872) syn. nov.; Philaeus albovariegatus (Simon, 1868) = Philaeus chrysops (Poda, 1761) syn. nov.; Philaeus superciliosus Bertkau, 1883 = Sandalodes superbus (Karsch, 1878) syn. nov.; Philaeus varicus (Simon, 1868) = Carrhotus xanthogramma (Latreille, 1819) syn. conf.; Salticus unispinus (Franganillo, 1910) = Pellenes nigrociliatus (Simon, 1875) syn. nov.; Sitticus manni (Doleschall, 1852) nomen oblitum = Heliophanus melinus L. Koch, 1867 syn. nov.; Sitticus sexsignatus (Franganillo, 1910) = Sitticus floricola (C. L. Koch, 1837) syn. nov.; Steatoda latrodectoides (Franganillo, 1913) = Steatoda paykulliana (Walckenaer, 1805) syn. nov.; Synema globosum clarum Franganillo, 1913, Synema globosum flavum Franganillo, 1913 and Synema globosum pulchellum Franganillo, 1926 = Synema globosum (Fabricius, 1775) syn. nov.; Uloborus pseudacanthus Franganillo, 1910 = Uloborus walckenaerius Latreille, 1806 syn. nov.; Zelotes similis hungaricus Kolosváry, 1944 = Zelotes similis (Kulczyński, 1887) syn. nov.; Zilla diodia embrikstrandi Kolosváry, 1938 = Zilla diodia (Walckenaer, 1802) syn. nov.; Zygiella x-notata chelata (Franganillo, 1909) and Zygiella x-notata parcechelata (Franganillo, 1909) = Zygiella x-notata (Clerck, 1757) syn. nov.; Teutana grossa obliterata Franganillo, 1913 = Steatoda grossa (C. L. Koch, 1838) syn. nov.

Eine überraschende Anzahl von europäischen Spinnenarten wurde seit ihrer Erstbeschreibung nie wieder zuverlässig wiedergefunden. In den meisten Fällen handelt es sich vermutlich um Synonyme anderer Arten oder die Arten bleiben aufgrund von unzulänglichen Beschreibungen und verlorenem Typusmaterial unidentifizierbar. In diesem zweiten Teil einer Serie zu diesem Thema besprechen wir etwa 100 dieser Fälle, mit einem besonderen Augenmerk auf Arten, die zu Beginn des 20. Jahrhunderts von Pelegrín Franganillo Balboa und Gabor von Kolosváry beschrieben wurden. Ebenso werden einige Springspinnenarten und diverse andere Einzelfälle behandelt. In den meisten Fällen erwiesen sich die untersuchten Arten als unidentifizierbare nomina dubia, aber auch einige neue Synonymien konnten festgestellt werden.

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