Aliens in Europe: updates on the distributions of Modisimus culicinus and Micropholcus fauroti (Araneae, Pholcidae)
Aliens in Europe: updates on the distributions of Modisimus culicinus and Micropholcus fauroti (Araneae, Pholcidae)
Aliens in Europa: Zur Verbreitung der Zitterspinnenarten Modisimus culicinus und Micropholcus fauroti (Araneae, Pholcidae)
alien, harmless, invasive, pantropical, synanthropic
Abstract
The pholcid spiders Modisimus culicinus (Simon, 1893) and Micropholcus fauroti (Simon, 1887) are pantropical species that have spread around the world at least several decades ago. Here we present numerous new records for both species, most of which fall into the expected latitudes, i.e. between the Tropics of Cancer and Capricorn (93% and 87% of records respectively). However, we also report the first records for M. culicinus from Central Europe (Germany and Czech Republic, >50°N) and the first European record for M. fauroti from outside of Belgium (Germany). The fact that in both species several specimens have been found at more than one locality suggests that they may already be in the stage of establishment and spreading in Europe. Finally, we present an updated identification key to the genera of Pholcidae in Europe.
Die Zitterspinnen Modisimus culicinus (Simon, 1893) und Micropholcus fauroti (Simon, 1887) sind pantropisch verbreitet und haben sich vermutlich bereits seit Jahrzehnten rund um den Globus etabliert. Wir dokumentieren zahlreiche neue Fundorte für beide Arten, die meisten davon innerhalb der erwarteten Breitengrade, d.h. zwischen dem nördlichen und südlichen Wendekreis (93% bzw. 87% aller Fundorte). Darüber hinaus dokumentiert diese Arbeit den Erstnachweis von M. culicinus für Europa (Deutschland und Tschechische Republik, >50°N) sowie den ersten Europäischen Nachweis von M. fauroti außerhalb von Belgien (Deutschland). Die Tatsache, dass von beiden Arten mehrere Individuen an mehr als einem Standort gefunden wurden legt nahe, dass sich beide Arten in Europa bereits in einer Phase der Etablierung und Verbreitung befinden. Zusätzlich wird in dieser Arbeit ein aktualisierter Bestimmungsschlüssel zu den Gattungen der Zitterspinnen in Europa vorgestellt.
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